Why 10,600 nm CO₂

Understanding the Science Behind 10,600 nm CO₂

The 10,600 nm CO₂ wavelength is highly absorbed by water, which is the primary component of soft tissue. This strong absorption allows the laser to create a shallow and controlled depth of penetration while providing precise vaporization and reliable coagulation. Energy transfer occurs radiantly rather than by conduction, which produces a predictable and uniform interaction with soft tissue. Because CO₂ laser energy is reflected by metal, it can be used safely around implants while still delivering effective soft-tissue treatment.

Other dental laser wavelengths such as Erbium, Nd:YAG, and Diode interact with tissue in different ways. Many of these wavelengths require carbonized tips or pigment absorption, which can lead to deeper or less predictable penetration. This can increase thermal effects, reduce precision, and raise the risk of tissue damage. In contrast, the 10,600 nm CO₂ wavelength provides a consistent and controlled response because it is absorbed directly by water, making every pulse of energy clinically effective.

Clinical Advantages for Everyday Dentistry

The predictable nature of the 10,600 nm CO₂ wavelength offers clinicians significant benefits. Soft-tissue procedures can be completed with a narrow incision width, reliable coagulation, and minimal thermal impact, which supports faster healing and a smoother patient experience. These advantages also improve workflow by reducing operative time and creating cleaner surgical fields. The versatility of CO₂ technology allows practices to incorporate a wide range of treatments, including periodontal therapy, implant maintenance, airway applications, aesthetic soft-tissue work, and general oral surgery.

Different dental lasers operate at wavelengths that interact uniquely with water, hemoglobin, melanin and other tissue components. Because water is the primary chromophore in soft tissue, wavelengths with strong water absorption achieve the most controlled outcomes. The absorption characteristics of common dental lasers are: